In a society, such as the United States or Canada, which has many national, religious and cultural differences, people 【1】 value individualism--the differences among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the 【2】 that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students do not memorize information. Instead, they work 【3】 and find answers by themselves.There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.

In most Asia societies, on the contrary, the people have the same language, history and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of the Orient 【4】 society’s belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments. In the classroom, the teaching 【5】 are often very formal. The teacher lectures, and the students listen. There is not much discussion. Instead, the students recite rules or information that have memorized.

There are advantages and disadvantages to both of these 【6】 of education. For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it 【7】students for a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an 【8】 learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information they have memorized.

The advantage of the educational system in North America, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values 【9】 ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from school, they haven’t 【10】 as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.

【答案】

【1】J

【2】H

【3】F

【4】C

【5】D

【6】E

【7】B

【8】K

【9】A

【10】I

【解析】

这是一篇议论文。文章对比了东方教育体系和西方教育体系的利弊。

【1】考查副词。句意：在一个社会，如美国或加拿大，有许多民族、宗教和文化的差异，人们高度重视个人主义——人与人之间的差异。修饰动词value使用副词，指在美国和加拿大等国家是高度重视个人主义的。故选J。

【2】考查名词。句意：老师非常重视使每个学生与众不同的品质。根据place a lot of importance on可知此处填名词，意为教师对于学生的品质教育更为重视。故选H。

【3】考查副词。句意：相反，他们独立工作，自己寻找答案。修饰动词work使用副词。指美国等国家的学生更注重个人独立完成任务。故选F。

【4】考查动词。句意：也许正因为如此，东方的教育体系在很大程度上反映了社会对于团队协作的信仰，而不是个人主义。主语是the education system，缺少谓语，因此填动词单数。故选C。

【5】考查名词。句意：在课堂上，教学方法通常很正式。teaching修饰后面所填的名词。指在教室中教学方式都很正式。故选D。

【6】考查名词。句意：这两种教育体制各有利弊。根据these可知此处填名词，联系前文提到了education systems。指这两种教育系统模式各有利弊。故选E。

【7】考查动词。句意：这个体系很困难，但它让学生为一个重视纪律和自我控制的社会做好了准备。根据后面的介词for，以及主语是it，故此处填动词。故选B。

【8】考查形容词。句意：死记硬背在日本学校是一种重要的学习方法。根据名词learning method，冠词an，故填元音为首的形容词修饰名词。故选K。

【9】考查形容词。句意：这一制度使他们为一个重视创造性思想的社会做好了准备。根据前文，修饰ideas用形容词。故选A。

【10】考查时态。句意：当学生从学校毕业时，他们没有像其他国家的学生那样记住那么多的基本的规则和事实。联系前文，haven’t现在完成时态，应该使用动词过去分词。故选I。