There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving 【1】 problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships 【2】 in the observable natural world and with building up theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and methods for carrying out the 【3】 of science.

Another difference between science and technology has to do with the 【4】 in each.

Progress in science does not consider the human factor. Scientists make a study of the universe, try to explain the rules of nature and strive to find out the truth. They can 【5】 pay attention to their own or other people’s likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people—as did Darwin’s theory of evolution. But even a(n) 【6】 truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the noises produced by an airplane flying overhead; we do not have the choice of refusing to breathe 【7】 air; and we do not have the choice of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science, progress in technology must be 【8】 in terms of the human factor. Technology must be our slave and not the 【9】. The purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generation, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves. Technology must be 【10】 if it is to lead to a better world.

【答案】

【1】C

【2】E

【3】A

【4】F

【5】G

【6】H

【7】J

【8】B

【9】D

【10】I

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述科学的发展不考虑人的因素，而技术的进步必须根据它带给人们的用途来衡量。

【1】考查形容词。句意：科学是回答理论问题的方法；技术是解决实际问题的一种方法。此处是形容词修饰名词，结合句意可知答案为practical。故选C。

【2】考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：科学是发现存在于可观察的自然世界中的事实和关系，并建立理论来组织这些事实和关系。此处是现在分词作后置定语，结合句意可知答案为existing。故选E。

【3】考查名词复数。句意：技术与实现科学发现的工具、技术和方法有关。此处用名词复数，结合句意可知答案为findings。故选A。

【4】考查不可数名词。句意：科学和技术的另一个区别与各自的进步有关。根据下文中的Progress in science does not consider the human factor.结合句意可知答案为progress。故选F。

【5】考查副词。句意：他们几乎不能注意到自己或他人的好恶，或对事物的适用性的流行观点。此处hardly“几乎不”，修饰动词，结合句意可知答案为hardly。故选G。

【6】考查形容词作定语。句意：但即使是不受欢迎的真相也很可能被利用。此处是形容词修饰后面的名词truth，结合句意可知答案为undesirable。故选H。

【7】考查过去分词作前置定语。句意：我们没有选择拒绝呼吸被污染的空气。此处是过去分词作前置定语，答案为polluted。故选J。

【8】考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：与科学不同，技术进步必须以人为因素来衡量。此处是含情态动词的被动语态，结合句意可知答案为measured。故选B。

【9】考查名词。句意：技术必须是我们的奴隶，而不是相反的结果。结合句意可知答案为reverse。故选D。

【10】考查形容词作表语。句意：如果技术要通向一个更美好的世界，它必须是人性化的。此处be动词后面用形容词作表语，结合句意可知答案为humanistic。故选I。