【题目】

The meaning of silence varies among cultural group. Silence may be 【1】, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every 【2】 with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs. Many native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of 【3】 among people, just at some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore when a person from one of these culture is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be 【4】 is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these culture, silence is a call for 【5】.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with 【6】 among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show 【7】between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority（权威）rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the 【8】 meanings of silence wen they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own persona and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not 【9】 too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing 【10】 of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

【答案】

【1】AB

【2】BD

【3】A

【4】C

【5】B

【6】ABC

【7】AD

【8】CD

【9】D

【10】AC

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同内涵

【1】

考查形容词。句意：沉默可能是在深思熟虑，或者是一个人没话说时，可能就是一片空白。分析句子可知，空处填形容词作表语。根据“or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say”可知，前后句为选择关系，所以空处填thoughtful“深思熟虑的”。故填AB。

【2】

考查名词。句意：沉默可能被一些文化团体视为非常不舒服；因此，所以可以尝试着去填补对话中的每一个停顿空档期。分析句子可知，空处填名词作fill的宾语，根据“nce may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable”可知，沉默可能被一些文化团体视为非常不舒服；因此，所以可以尝试着去填补对话中的每一个停顿空档期，所以填名词gap“间隙”。故填BD。

【3】

考查动名词。句意：许多美国本地人重视沉默，并认为这是人们交流的基本部分，就像一些传统的中国人和泰国人做的那样。分析句子可知，空处填动名词作of的宾语。沉默是交流的一部分，所以填communicating“交流”。 故填A。

【4】

考查语态。句意：因此，当来自这些文化之一的人在说话时突然停下来，这可能暗示着这个人想让听者在继续说话之前考虑一下已经说过的话。分析句子可知，what为主语从句的主语，与所填词为被动关系，且置于情态动词之后。根据“the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.”可知，空处填implied“暗示”。故填C。

【5】

考查名词。句意：在这些文化中，沉默呼吁反思。分析句子可知，空处填名词做for的宾语，根据上文“wants the listener to consider”可知，空处填名词reflection“反思”。故填B。

【6】

考查名词。句意：其他文化可能以其他方式使用沉默，特别是在处理人与人之间的冲突或处理权力不同人之间的关系时。分析句子可知，空处填名词做with的宾语，根据句意，空处填名词复数conflicts“冲突”。故填ABC。

【7】

考查名词。句意：例如，俄语、法语和西班牙语的人可以使用沉默来表示双方对所讨论的主题的一致意见。分析句子可知，空处填名词做show的宾语，根据句意，空处填填名词agreement“同意，一致”。故填AD。

【8】

考查形容词。句意：当护士和其他照顾者遇到可能正在经历焦虑的病人突然沉默时，需要注意这可能意味着什么。空处填形容词作meanings的定语，根据句意，空处填形容词possible“可能的”。故填CD。

【9】

考查语态。句意：护士应认识到自己的人格特征和沉默的文化建构，这样病人的沉默就不会被过早地打断，也不会让病人继续保持不必要的沉默。分析句子可知，本句应填谓语动词，且主语a patient’s silence与所填词为被动关系，要用被动语态。再根据“or allowed to go on unnecessarily”可知，空处填动词interrupted“打断”。 故填D。

【10】

考查名词。句意：了解沉默的治疗价值的护士可以利用这种理解来帮助照顾来自他们自己和其他文化的病人。分析句子可知，空处填名词做understand的宾语，根据句意空处填名词value“价值”。故填AC。