关于古希腊戏剧的起源有很多不同的说法，其中一个被广为接受的认为戏剧是宗教仪式发展而来的。 TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld,eventheseasonalchanges,asunpredictable,andtheysoughtthroughvariousmeans,tocontroltheseunknownandfearedpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama. Thosewhobelievedthatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformances,andwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthe"actingarea"andthe"auditorium".Inaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeings,andmimedthedesiredeffect-successinhuntorbattle,thecomingrain,therevivaloftheSun-asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.Anothertheorytracesthetheater’soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisview,tales(aboutthehunt,war,orotherfeats)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthatareimitationsofanimalmovementsandsounds. 22.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss? A.Theoriginsoftheater.B.Theroleofritualinmoderndance. C.Theimportanceofstorytelling.D.Thevarietyofearlyreligiousactivities. 23.Whataspectofdramadoestheauthordiscussinthefirstparagraph?? A.Thereasondramaisoftenunpredictable. B.Theseasonsinwhichdramaswereperformed. C.Theconnectionbetweenmythsanddramaticplots. D.Theimportanceofcostumesinearlydrama. 24.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementoftheaterandritual? A.Dance.?B.Costumes.?C.Music.?D.Magic. 25.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama? A.Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot. B.Ritualisshorterthandrama. C.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandrama. D.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot. 26.Thepassagesupportswhichofthefollowingstatements? A.Noonereallyknowshowthetheaterbegan. B.Mythsarenolongerrepresenteddramatically. C.Storytellingisanimportantpartofdance. D.Dramaticactivitiesrequiretheuseofcostumes.答案解析： 22.A)这是一道主旨题。根据文章第一句“TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.”及第三段第一句“Anothertheorytracesthetheater’soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.”可知本文是讨论戏剧的起源的。故选项A为正确答案。 23.C)这也是一道主旨题。本题可用排除法来做。通过阅读第一段，首先很明显可将选项B和D排除；选项A（戏剧无法预测的原因）也不正确，故只有选项C（神话与戏剧情节的联系）为正确答案。 24.D)这是一道细节题。在做本题时要注意题干中的NOT。通过阅读文章很明显选项DMagic为正确答案。 25.D)根据文章第二段可知尽管有人说戏剧起源于宗教仪式，但是它们还是有区别的，例如：戏剧演出“performances”要有合适的演出地点；戏剧表演时，“表演区”（“actingarea”）和“观看区”（“auditorium”）有明显的分界线，另外表演戏剧还要有演员。而宗教仪式在进行过程中为了避免犯错误都是由宗教领袖来进行，由他们戴上面具，穿上服装来模仿其他人，动物或超自然的东西，做出一些动作以求达到一些目的，例如：在打猎或战斗中取得胜利，祈雨等。由此可判断宗教仪式都有一定的宗教目的，而戏剧却没有，这正符合选项D。 26.A)通过阅读文章可知，选项A为正确答案。