大纲样题
Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points )
During the 1980s, unemployment and underemployment in some countries was as high as 90 per cent. Some countries did not 1 enough food; basic needs in housing and clothing were not 2 . Many of these countries looked to the industrial processes of the developed nations 3 solutions.
4 , problems cannot always be solved by copying the industrialized nations. Industry in the developed nations is highly automated and very 5 .
It provides fewer jobs than labor-intensive industrial processes, and highly 6 workers are needed to 7 and repair the equipment. These workers must be trained, 8 many nations do not have the necessary training institutions. Thus, the 9 of importing industry becomes higher. Students must be sent abroad to 10 vocational and professional training. 11 . just to begin training, the students must 12 learn English, French, German, or Japanese. The students then spend many years abroad, and 13 do not return home.
All nations agree that science and technology 14 be shared. The point is: countries 15 the industrial processes of the developed nations need to look care-fully 16 the costs, because many of these costs are 17 . Students from these nations should 18 the problems of the industrialized countries closely. 19 care, they will take home not the problems of science and technology, 20 the benefits.
1.[A] generate [B] raise [C] product [D] manufacture
2.[A] answered [B] met [C] calculated [D] remembered
3.[A] for [B] without [C] as [D] about
4.[A] Moreover [B] Therefore [C] Anyway [D] However
5.[A] expensive [B] mechanical [C] flourishing [D] complicated
6.[A] gifted [B] skilled [C] trained [D] versatile
7.[A] keep [B] maintain [C] retain [D] protect
8.[A] since [B] so [C] and [D] yet
9.[A] charge [B] price [C] cost [D] value
10.[A] accept [B] gain [C] receive [D] absorb
11.[A] Frequently [B] Incidentally [C] Deliberately [D] Eventually
12.[A] soon [B] quickly [C] immiediately [D] first
13.[A] some [B] others [C] several [D] few
14.[A] might [B] should [C] would [D] will
15.[A] adopting [B] conducting [C] receiving [D] adjusting
16.[A] to [B] at [C] on [D] about
17.[A] opaque [B] secret [C] sealed [D] hidden
18.[A] tackle [B] learn [C] study [D] manipulate
19.[A] In [B] Through [C] With [D] Under
20.[A] except [B] nor [C] or [D] but
全真模拟试题
Passage 1
Silence is unnatural to man. He begins life with a cry and ends it in stillness. In the 1 he does all he can to make a noise in the world, and there are few things 2 he stands in more fear than of the 3 of noise. Even his conversation is 4 a desperate attempt to prevent a dreadful silence. If he is introduced to a fellow mortal and a number of 5 occur in the conversation, he regards himself as a failure, a worthless person, and is full of 6 of the emptiest-headed chatterbox. He knows that ninety-nine percent of human conversation means 7 the buzzing of a fly, but the longs to join in the buzz and to prove that he is a man and not a wax-work 8 . The object of conversation is not, 9
the most part, to communicate ideas; it is to 10 the buzzing sound. Most buzzing, 11 , is agreeable to the ear, and some of it is agreeable even to the 12 . He would be a foolish man, however, 13 waited until he had a wise thought to take part in the buzzing with his neighbors. Those who 14 the weather as a conversational opening seem to be 15 of the reason why human beings wish to talk. Very few human beings join in a conversation 16 the hope of learning anything new. Some of them are 17 if they are merely allowed to go on making a noise into other people's ears, though they have nothing to tell them 18 they have seen a new play. At the end of an evening during which they have said nothing at immense 19 , they justly 20 themselves on their success as conversationalists.
1.[A] intervention [B] interval [C] eclipse [D] meantime
2.[A] of which [B] in which [C] with which [D] by which
3.[A] presence [B] abundance [C] existence [D] absence
4.[A] in great measure [B] in brief [C] all in all [D] at least
5.[A] hesitations [B] delays [C] interruptions [D] pauses
6.[A] admiration [B] envy [C] amazement [D] revenge
7.[A] more than [B] no less than [C] rather than [D] no more than
8.[A] character [B] figure [C] role [D] personality
9.[A] for [B]in [C]at [D]on
10.[A] carry out [B] pick up [C] speed up [D] keep up
11.[A] particularly [B] unfortunately [C] fortunately. [D] utterly
12.[A] mind [B] mentality [C] intelligence [D] wit
13.[A] who [B] when [C] if [D] which
14.[A] dispose [B] dispatch [C] dismiss [D] despise
15.[A] ignorant [B] negligible [C] obscure [D] inconspicuous
16.[A] at [B] against [C] with [D] in
17.[A] disgusted [B] content [C] disgraced [D] discouraged
18.[A] in that [B] so that [C] such that [D] except that
19.[A] length [B] expanse [C] stretch [D] span
20.[A] prey [B] model [C] respect [D] pride
Passage 2
Recent legal research indicated that incorrect identification is a major factor in many miscarriages（失败）of justice. It also suggests that identification of people by witnesses in a courtroom is not as 1 as commonly believed. Recent studies do not support the 2 of faith judges, jurors, lawyers and the police have in eyewitness evidence.
The Law Commission recently published an educational paper, "Total Recall? The Reliability of Witness 3 ", as a companion guide to a proposed code of evidence. The paper finds that commonly held 4 about how our minds work and how well we remember are often wrong. But while human memory is 5 change, it should not be underestimated.
In court witnesses are asked to give evidence about events, and judges and juries 6 its reliability. The paper points out that memory is complex, and the reliability of any person' s recall must be assessed 7 .
Both common sense and research say memory 8 over time. The accuracy of recall and recognition are 9 their best immediately 10 encoding the information, declining at first rapidly, then gradually. The longer the delay, the more likely it is that information obtained after the event will interfere 11 the original memory, which reduces 12 .
The paper says 13 interviews or media reports can create such 14 . "People are particularly susceptible to having their memories 15 when the passage of time allows the original memory to 16 . and will be most susceptible if they repeat the 17 as fact."
Witnesses may see or read information after the event, then 18 it to produce something 19 offender, "Further, witnesses may strongly believe in their memories, even though aspects of those memories are 20 false."
1.[A] trustful [B] reliable [C] innocent [D] considerable
2.[A] rate [B] degree [C] extent [D] scale
3.[A] Manifestation [B] Declaration [C] Presentation [D] Testimony
4.[A] perceptions [B] acceptances [C] permissions [D] receptions
5.[A] subject to [B] liable for [C] incapable of [D] attributable to
6.[A] assess [B] appreciate [C] calculate [D] speculate
7.[A] interactively [B] comparatively [C] horizontally [D] individually
8.[A] descends [B] declines [C] inclines [D] degrades
9.[A]at [B]in [C]on [D]upon
10.[A] before [B] after [C] when [D] until
11.[A] with [B] in [C] at [D] on
12.[A] appropriacy [B] accuracy [C] originality [D] justice
13.[A] consequent [B] successive [C] subsequent [D] preceding
14.[A] distortions [B] deformations [C] malfunctions [D] malformations
15.[A] altered [B] transformed [C] converted [D] modified
16.[A] fade [B] diminish [C] lessen [D] dwell
17.[A] misinformation [B] mistreatment [C] misguidance [D] misjudgement
18.[A] associate [B] connect [C] link [D] integrate
19.[A] other [B] rather [C] more [D] less
20.[A] invariably [B] constantly [C] justifiably [D] verifiably
Passage 3
Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on farms and in small towns and believed cities to be centres of 1 , crime, poverty and moral 2 . Their distrust was caused, 3 .by a national ideology that 4 farming the greatest occupation and rural living 5 to urban living. This attitude 6 even as the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential 7 of the national landscape. Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology. Thousands 8 the precarious (不稳定的) life on the farm for more secure and better paying jobs in the city. But when these people 9 from the countryside, they carried their fears and suspicions with them. These new urbanities, already convinced that cities were 10 with great problems, eagerly 11 the progressive reforms that promised to bring order out of the 12 of the city.
One of many reforms came 13 the area of public utilities. Water and sewerage systems were usually operated by 14 governments, but the gas and electric networks were privately owned. Reformers feared that the privately owned utility companies would 15 exorbitant (过度的) rates for these essential services and 16 them only to people who could afford them. Some city and state governments responded by 17 the utility companies, but a number of cities began to supply these services themselves. 18 of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation would 19 widespread access to these utilities and guarantee a 20 price.
1. [A]eruption [B]corruption [C]interruption [D]provocation
2. [A]disgrace [B]deterioration [C]dishonor [D]degradation
3. [A]by origin [B]in part [C]at all [D]at random
4. [A]proclaimed [B]exclaimed [C]claimed [D]reclaimed
5. [A]superb [B]super [C]exceptional [D]superior
6. [A]predominated [B]dominated [C]commanded [D]prevailed
7. [A]feature [B]peculiarity [C]quality [D]attribute
8. [A]deserted [B]departed [C]abolished [D]abandoned
9. [A]reallocated [B]migrated [C]replaced [D]substituted
10. [A]overwhelmed [B]overflowed [C]overtaken [D]preoccupied
11. [A]embraced [B]adopted [C]hugged [D]outbreaks
12. [A]chaos [B]chores [C]chorus [D]outbreaks
13. [A]at [B]by [C]out [D]in
14. [A]public [B]municipal [C]republican [D]national
15.[A] charge [B] take [C] cost [D] spend
16.[A] distribute [B] deliver [C] transfer [D] transport
17.[A] degenerating [B] generating [C] regenerating [D] regulating
18.[A] Proponents [B] Opponents [C] Sponsors [D] Rivals
19.[A] secure [B] ensure [C] reassure [D] incur
20.[A] fair [B] just [C] square [D] objective
Passage 4
Psychologist Alfred Adler suggested that the primary goal of the psyche（灵魂、精神）was superiority. Although 1 he believed that individuals struggled to achieve superiority over others, Adler, eventually 2 a more complex definition of the drive for superiority.
Adler's concept of striving for superiority does not 3 the everyday meaning of the word superiority. He did not mean that we innately（天生地）seek to 4 one another in rank or position, 5 did he mean that we seek to 6 an attitude of exaggerated importance over our peers. 7 . Adler's drive for superiority involves the desire to be competent and effective, complete and thorough, in 8 one strives to do.
Striving for superiority occasionally takes the 9 of an exaggerated lust for power. An individual may seek to play god and 10 control over objects and people. The goal may introduce an 11 tendency into our lives, in which we play games of "dog eat dog". But such expressions of the desire for superiority do not 12 its more positive, constructive nature.
13 Adler, striving for superiority is innate and is part of the struggle for 14 that human beings share with other species in the process of evolution. From this 15 . life is not 16 by the need to reduce tension or restore 17 . as sigmund Freud tended to think; 18 , life is encouraged by the desire to move from below to above, from minus to plus, from inferior to superior. The particular ways in which individuals 19 their quest（追求）for superiority are 20 by their culture, their unique history.
and their style of life.
1.[A] instinctively [B] initially [C] presumably [D] invariably
2.[A] designed [B] devised [C] manipulated [D] developed
3.[A] refer to [B] point to [C] comply with [D] stand up for
4.[A] surpass [B] overpass [C] overthrow [D] pursue
5.[A] or [B] never [C] hardly [D] nor
6.[A] retain [B] sustain [C] maintain [D] obtain
7.[A] Rather [B] Despite [C] Though [D] Thus
8.[A] which [B] that [C] whichever [D] whatever
9.[A] form [B] format [C] formation [D] shape
10.[A] operate [B] speculate [C] exercise [D] resume
11.[A] ambiguous [B] intricate [C] deliberate [D] hostile
12.[A] reflect [B] abide [C] glorify [D] project
13.[A] According to [B] In terms of [C] Regardless of [D] In view of
14.[A] survivor [B] survival [C] durability [D] consistency
15.[A] respective [B] prospect [C] profile [D] perspective
16.[A] motivated [B] animated [C] inspired [D] elevated
17.[A] equation [B] equivalent [C] equilibrium [D] equality
18.[A] subsequently [B] instead [C] consequently [D] otherwise
19.[A] undermine [B] overtake [C] fling [D] undertake
20.[A] determined [B] resolved [C] consolidated [D] reinforced
Passage 5
Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag（喷气飞行时差反应)．Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone 1 making mistakes. It is actually caused by 2 of your "body clock" — a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological 3 . The body clock is designed for a 4 rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it 5 daylight and darkness at the "wrong" times in a new time zone. The 6 of jetlag often persist for days 7 the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone.
Now a new anti-jetlag system is 8 that is based on proven 9 pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has 10 a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone 11 controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates 12 of the discomfort of jetlag.
A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either 13 or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule 14 light exposure depends a great deal on 15 travel plans.
Data on a specific flight itinerary and the individual' s sleep 16 are used to produce a Trip Guide with 17 on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.
When the Trip Guide calls 18 bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark outside, or the weather is bad, 19 you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light 20 for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.
1.[A] from [B] of [C] for [D] to
2.[A] eruption [B] disruption [C] rupture [D] corruption
3.[A] actions [B] functions [C] behavior [D] reflection
4.[A] formal [B] continual [C] regular [D] circular
5.[A] experiences [B] possesses [C] encounters [D] retains
6.[A] signs [B] defects [C] diseases [D] symptoms
7.[A] if [B] whereas [C] while [D] although
8.[A] agreeable [B] available [C] adaptable [D] approachable
9.[A] extensive [B] tentative [C] broad [D] inclusive
10.[A] devised [B] scrutinized [C] visualized [D] recognized
11.[A] in [B] as [C] at [D] through
12.[A] more [B] little [C] most [D] least
13.[A] shed [B] retrieve [C] seek [D] attain
14.[A] in [B] for [C] on [D] with
15.[A] specific [B] complicated [C] unique [D] peculiar
16.[A] mode [B] norm [C] style [D] pattern
17.[A] directories [B] commentaries [C] instructions [D] specifications
18.[A] up [B] off [C] on [D] for
19.[A] or [B] and [C] but [D] while
20.[A] spur [B] stimulus [C] agitation [D] acceleration
Passage 6
Our ape-men forefathers had 1 obvious natural weapons in the struggle for survival in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the strong claws of the big cats. They could not 2 with the bear, whose strength, speed and claws 3 an impressive "small-fire" weaponry. They could not even defend themselves 4 running swiftly like the horses, zebras or small animals. If the apemen had attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been 5 to failure and extinction. But they were 6 with enormous concealed advantages of a kind not possessed by any of their competitors.
In the search 7 the pickings of the forest, the ape-men had 8 efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of colour that the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range permitted the ape-men to study practical problems in a way that lay far 9 the reach of the original inhabitants of the grassland. Good long-distance sight was 10 another matter. Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the 11 the range of sight-so 12 they had had to do was climb a tree. Out in the open, how ever, this simple solution was not 13
Climbing a hill would have helped, 14 in many places the ground was flat. The ape-men 15 the only possible solution. They reared up as high as possible on their hind limbs and began to walk 16 .
This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages. It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-men became slower 17 .
18 they persevered and their bone structure gradually became 19 to the new, unstable position that 20 them the name Homo erectus, upright man.
1.[A] no [B] some [C] few [D] many
2.[A] match [B] compare [C] rival [D] equal
3.[A] became [B] equipped [C] posed [D] provided
4.[A] in [B] upon [C] by [D] with
5.[A] driven [B] doomed [C] forced [D] led
6.[A] bestowed [B] given [C] presented [D] endowed
7.[A] for [B] of [C] on [D] at
8.[A] progressed [B] generated [C] developed [D] advanced
9.[A] from [B] apart [C] beyond [D] above
10.[A] rather [B] quite [C] much [D] really
11.[A] greater [B] smaller [C] farther [D] nearer
12.[A] anything [B] that [C] everything [D] all
13.[A] available [B] enough [C] sufficient [D] convenient
14.[A] when [B] but [C] so [D] and
15.[A] chose [B] adopted [C] accepted [D] took
16.[A] fast [B] upright [C] steadily [D] awkwardly
17.[A] as well [B] further [C] still [D] even
18.[A] However [B] Therefore [C] Meanwhile [D] Subsequently
19.[A] accustomed [B] familiarized [C] adapted [D] suited
20.[A] obtained [B] called [C] deserved [D] earned
passage 7
Television is the most effective brainwashing 1 ever invented by man. Advertisers know this to be 2 . Children are 3 by television in ways we 4 understand. In the fall of 1971,1 was 5 a story involving a young white woman living on the 6 of Boston's black ghetto. Her car had 7 out of gas. She had gone to a filling station with a can and was returning to her car when she was 8 in an alley by a gang of black youths. The gang poured gasoline over her and set fire 9 her. She died of her burns. It was 10 established that some of the youths 11 had, on the night before the killing, 12 on television a rerun of an old movie in which a drifter is set on fire by an adolescent gang; There is some kind of strange reductive process 13 work here. To see something on television robs it of its reality, and then when the 14 thing is 15 out it is like the reenactment of something unreal. 16 when the gang set fire to the girl, they were 17 what they had seen on a screen, 18 they themselves were on a screen, and in a story. I don' t think we have 19 begun to realize how powerful a medium television is. It has already become very clear that the candidate with the most television 20 win the election.
1.[A] equipment [B] machine [C] medium [D] method
2.[A] true [B] real [C] actual [D] genuine
3.[A] influenced [B] affected [C] controlled [D] manipulated
4.[A] scarcely [B] nearly [C] completely [D] generally
5.[A] arranged [B] appointed [C] assigned [D] attributed
6.[A] outskirts [B] fringes [C] border [D] range
7.[A] used [B] consumed [C] run [D] spent
8.[A] trapped [B] caught [C] held [D] tucked
9.[A] on [B] at [C] over [D] to
10.[A] then [B] after [C] lately [D] later
11.[A] associated [B] related [C] involved [D] participated
12.[A] watch [B] watched [C] watching [D] were watching
13.[A] at [B] on [C] in [D] under
14.[A] exact [B] extraordinary [C] normal [D] same
15.[A] performed [B] played [C] practiced [D] acted
16.[A] However [B] In contrast [C] In other words [D] Even to
17.[A] imitating [B] following [C] resembling [D] reacting
18.[A] as if [B] like [C] as [D] for
19.[A] still [B] nearly [C] almost [D] even
20.[A] influence [B] capacity [C] appeal [D] contribution
Passage 8
High school students who, after graduation, would like to continue their education are frequently faced with many problems in financing college training. 1 education is not so wide-spread at the college level 2 at the elementary and 3 school levels. There is usually a charge for 4 , In addition, for most students, going to college 5 living away from home, an expensive matter.
6 , then, can be done by a student who finds that he must help to finance himself if he is to 7 his education beyond high school? There are several 8 . Scholarships are sometimes available. These are usually 9 partly on the basis of high grades. 10 the day-today work in high school may be very important for determining ones 11 of help from this source. Another 12 of help is the college loan fund, which is established for the 13 of providing loans to 14 students. A third plan is that of 15 one s way through school. Work may involve 16 a part-time job outside the college. Sometimes it means 17 professors in laboratory work, library work, or office 18 .Sometimes it means performing some 19 which the student body requires, such as helping in the preparation and serving of meals, working in college stores, and 20 .
1.[A] Free [B] Private [C] Public [D] Compulsory
2.[A] than [B] as [C] that [D] to
3.[A] orphanage [B] secondary [C] primary [D] nursery
4.[A] money [B] tuition [C] expense [D] education
5.[A] means [B] implies [C] lends [D] suggests
6.[A] How [B] Whether [C] Whatever [D] What
7.[A] expand [B] finish [C] extend [D] stop
8.[A] questions [B] problems [C] possibilities [D] issues
9.[A] got [B] forced [C] given [D] retained
10.[A] Because [B] Though [C] However [D] Therefore
11.[A] choices [B] tendencies [C] results [D] chances
12.[A] respect [B] source [C] direction [D] aspect
13.[A] purpose [B] aim [C] goal [D] target
14.[A] worth [B] worthy [C] worthwhile [D] worthless
15.[A] working [B] wandering [C] finding [D] working
16.[A] to hold [B] hold [C] being held [D] holding
17.[A] dealing [B] coping [C] assisting [D] handling
18.[A] routine [B] ritual [C] practice [D] custom
19.[A] services [B] work [C] job [D] profession
20.[A] others [B] so [C] like this [D] the like
Passage 9
The majority of people, about nine out often, are right-handed. 1 until recently, people who were left-handed were considered 2 , and once children showed this tendency they were forced to use their right hands. Today left-handedness is generally 3 , but it is still a disadvantage in a world 4 most people are right-handed. For example, most tools and implements are still 5 for right-handed people. In sports 6 contrast, doing things with the left hand or foot, is often an advantage. Throwing, kicking, punching or batting from the " 7 " side may result in throwing 8 many opponents who are more accustomed to dealing with the 9 of players who are right-handed. This is why, in many 10 at a professional level, a 11 proportion of players are left-handed than in the population as a whole. The word "right" in many languages means "correct" or is 12 with lawfulness, whereas the words associated 13 "left", such as "sinister", generally have 14 associations. Moreover, among a number of primitive peoples, there is 15 close association between death and the left hand.
In the past, in 16 Western societies, children were often forced to use their right hands, especially to write with. In some cases the left hand was 17 behind the child' s back so that it could not be used. If, in the future, they are allowed to choose, 18 will certainly be more left-handers, and probably 19 people with minor psychological disturbances as a result of being forced to use their 20 hand.
1.[A] Down [B] Never [C] Up [D] Not
2.[A] unique [B] eccentric [C] normal [D] abnormal
3.[A] accepted [B] admitted [C] approved [D] acknowledged
4.[A] when [B] that [C] where [D] which
5.[A] ordered [B] designed [C] planned [D] supposed
6.[A] by [B] for [C] at [D] with
7.[A] proper [B] indirect [C] correct [D] wrong
8.[A] away [B] down [C] off [D] up
9.[A] minority [B] majority [C] plenty [D] lack
10.[A] games [B] hobbies [C] activities [D] rounds
11.[A] more [B] higher [C] better [D] smaller
12.[A] related [B] mixed [C] connected [D] combined
13.[A] by [B] with [C] to [D] at
14.[A] negative [B] positive [C] similar [D] equal
15.[A] the [B] any [C] some [D] a
16.[A] all [B] mostly [C] any [D] most
17.[A] tied [B] attached [C] brought [D] removed
18.[A] those [B] these [C] there [D] they
19.[A] on [B] more [C] greater [D] fewer
20.[A] left [B] right [C] either [D] correct
Passage 10
Most people would be 1 by the high quality of medicine 2 to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of 3 to the individual, a 4 amount of advanced technical equipment, and 5 effort not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must 6 in the courts if they 7 things badly.
But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in 8 health care is organized and 9 . 10 to pubic belief it is not just a free competition system. The private system has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not 11 the less fortunate and the elderly.
But even with this huge public part of the system, 12 this year will eat up 84. 5 billion dollars-more than 10 percent of the U.S. Budget-large number of Americans are left 13 .These include about half the million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits 14 income fixed by a govern-ment trying to make savings where it can.
The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control 15 the health system. There is no 16 to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate persons concerned can do is 17 up. Two-thirds of the population 18 covered by medical insurance. Doctors charge as much as they want 19 that the insurance company will pay the bill.
The rising cost of medicine in the U.S. A is among the most worrying problems facing the country. In 1981 the country's health bill climbed 15.9percent-about twice as fast as prices 20 general.
1.[A] compressed [B] impressed [C] obsessed [D] repressed
2.[A] available [B] attainable [C] achievable [D] amenable
3.[A] extension [B] retention [C] attention [D] exertion
4.[A] countless [B] titanic [C] broad [D] vast
5.[A] intensive [B] absorbed [C] intense [D] concentrated
6.[A] run into [B] encounter [C] face [D] defy
7.[A] treat [B] deal [C] maneuver [D] handle
8.[A] which [B] that [C] what [D] when
9.[A] to finance [B] financed [C] the finance [D] to be financed
10.[A] Contrary [B] Opposed to [C] Averse [D] Objected
11.[A] looking for [B] looking into [C] looking after [D] looking over
12.[A] which [B] what [C] that [D] it
13.[A] over [B] out [C] off [D] away
14.[A] for [B] in [C] with [D] on
15.[A] over [B] on [C] under [D] behind
16.[A] boundary [B] restriction [C] confinement [D] limit
17.[A] to pay [B] paying [C] pay [D] to have paid
18.[A] is being [B] are [C] have been [D] is
19.[A] knowing [B] to know [C] they know [D] known
20.[A] in [B] with [C] on [D] for
Passage 11
On April 20 , 2000, in Accra, Ghana, the leaders of six West African-countries declared their intention to proceed to monetary union among the non-CFA franc countries of the region by January 2003, as first step toward a wider monetary union including all the ECOWAS countries in 2004.The six countries 1 themselves to reducing central bank financing of budget deficits 2 10percent of the previous years government 3 ;reducing budget deficits to 4 percent of the second phase by 2003; creating a Convergence Council to help 4 macroeconomic policies; and 5 up a common central bank. Their declaration 6 that, "Member States 7 the need 8 strong political commitment and 9 to 10 all such national policies 11 would facilitate the regional monetary integration process."
The goal of a monetary union in ECOWAS has long been an objective of the organization, going back to its formation in 1975, and is intended to 12 broader integration process that would include enhanced regional trade and 13 institutions. In the colonial period, currency boards linked sets of countries in the region. 14 independence, 15 , these currency boards were 16 , with the 17 of the CFA franc zone, which included the francophone countries of the region. Although there have been attempts to advance the agenda of ECOWAS monetary cooperation, political problems and other economic priorities in several of the region' s countries have to 18 inhibited progress. Although some problems remain, the recent initiative has been bolstered by the election in 1999 of a democratic government and a leader who is committed to regional 19 in Nigeria, the largest economy of the region, raising hopes that the long-delayed project can be 20 .
1.[A] committed [B] devoted [C] adjusted [D] attributed
2.[A] to [B] by [C] with [D] until
3.[A] finance [B] profit [C] income [D] revenue
4.[A] coordinate [B] draft [C] ordinate [D] compromise
5.[A] building [B] setting [C] founding [D] erecting
6.[A] says [B] writes [C] reads [D] states
7.[A] accept [B] understand [C] recognize [D] realize
8.[A] for [B] of [C] with [D] without
9.[A] commence [B] undertake [C] initiate [D] try
10.[A] pursue [B] seek [C] quest [D] explore
11.[A] which [B] that [C] as [D] what
12.[A] accompany [B] enforce [C] execute [D] compel
13.[A] common [B] separate [C] several [D] public
14.[A] Towards [B] Form [C] By [D] On
15.[A] therefore [B] moreover [C] however [D] thus
16.[A] dissolved [B] discharged [C] dismissed [D] dispelled
17.[A] consideration [B] intention [C] exception [D] regard
18.[A] date [B] deter [C] hinder [D] delay
19.[A] development [B] prosperity [C] integration [D] cooperation
20.[A] revived [B] renew [C] restore [D] refreshed
Passage 12
Even plants can run a fever, especially when they are under attack by insects or disease. But 1 humans , plants can have their temperature 2 from 3,000 feet a way-straight up. A decade ago, 3 the infrared （红外线的）scanning technology developed for military purpose and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley 4 a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine 5 ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmer 6 target pesticide spraying 7 rain poison on a whole field , which 8 include plants that don't have the pest problem.
Even better, Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problem before they became 9 to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet 10 , an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were 11 into a color-coded map showing 12 plants were running "fevers". Farmers could then spot spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they 13 would. The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984 , after only three years. Farmers 14 the new technology and long-term backers were hard 15 .But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce , and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to 16 into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. "This technique can be used 17 .75 percent of agricultural land in the United States, " says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson , who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture , thinks 18 infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But 19 Paley finds the financial backing 20 he failed to obtain 10 years ago.
1.[A] as [B] with [C] like [D] unlike
2.[A] taken [B] take [C] took [D] taking
3.[A] adopted [B] adopting [C] adapted [D] adapting
4.[A] put up with [B] came up to [C] came up with [D] stood up to
5.[A] whose [B] which [C] what [D] where
6.[A] precisely [B] extraordinarily [C] exceedingly [D] extremely
7.[A] more than [B] less than [C] rather than [D] other than
8.[A] dominantly [B] deliberately [C] accidentally [D] invariably
9.[A] seeming [B] clear [C] apparent [D] visible
10.[A] at night [B] for the night [C] in night [D] over night
11.[A] transmitted [B] transferred [C] transformed [D] transported
12.[A] how [B] where [C] what [D] when
13.[A] otherwise [B] still [C] thus [D] therefore
14.[A] persisted in [B] resisted [C] insisted on [D] assisted
15.[A] to find out [B] to be found [C] to find [D] to be found on
16.[A] get off [B] get out [C] get away [D] get back
17.[A] of [B] in [C] for [D] on
18.[A] remote [B] lonely [C] removed [D] desolate
19.[A] even if [B] if only [C] only if [D] though
20.[A] where [B] which [C] how [D] when
Passage 13
Many foreigners who have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England. 1 ,the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English. The others 2 to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, 3 the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed 4 being classified as "English".
Even in England there are many 5 in regional character and speech. The chief 6 is between southern England and northern England. South of a 7 going from Bristol to London, people speak the type of English usually learnt by foreign students, 8 there are local variations.
Further north, regional speech is usually 9 than that of southern Britain. Northerners are 10 to claim that they work harder than Southerners, and are more 11 .They are openhearted and hospitable; foreigners often find that they make friends with them 12 . Northerners generally have hearty 13 : the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous 14 at meal times.
In accent and character the people of the Midlands 15 a gradual change from the southern to the northern type of Englishman.
In Scotland the sound 16 by the letter "R" is generally a strong sound, and "R" is often pronounced in words in which it would be 17 in southern English. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious, thrifty people, 18 inventive and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently 19 as being more "fiery "than the English. They are 20 a race that is quite distinct from the English.
1.[A] In consequence [B] In brief [C] In general [D] In fact
2.[A] confine [B] attach [C] refer [D] add
3.[A] as [B] which [C] for [D] so
4.[A] with [B] by [C] at [D] for
5.[A] similarities [B] differences [C] certainties [D] features
6.[A] factor [B] virtue [C] privilege [D] division
7.[A] line [B] road [C] border [D] scale
8.[A] who [B] when [C] though [D] for
9.[A] wider [B] broader [C] rarer [D] scarcer
10.[A] used [B] apt [C] possible [D] probable
11.[A] perfect [B] notorious [C] superior [D] thorough
12.[A] swiftly [B] promptly [C] immediately [D] quickly
13.[A] appetites [B] tastes [C] interests [D] senses
14.[A] helpings [B] offerings [C] fillings [D] findings
15[A] represent [B] designate [C] demonstrate [D] reckon
16[A] delivered [B] denoted [C] depicted [D] defined
17[A] quiet [B] obscure [C] faint [D] silent
18[A] rather [B] still [C] somehow [D] even
19[A] rendered [B] thought [C] impressed [D] described
20[A] with [B] of [C] among [D] against
Passage 14
College sports in the United States are a huge deal. Almost all major American universities have football , baseball , basketball and hockey programs , and 1 millions of dollars each year to sports. Most of them earn millions 2 as well, in television revenues , sponsorships. They also benefit 3 from the added publicity they get via their teams. Big-name universities 4 each other in the most popular sports. Football games at Michigan regularly 5 crowds of over 90, 000. Basketball's national collegiate championship game is a TV 6 on a par with（与…相同或相似）any other sporting event in the United States, 7 perhaps the Super Bowl itself. At any given time during fall or winter one can 8 one' s TV set and see the top athletic programs-from schools like Michigan, UCLA, Duke and Stanford 9 in front of packed houses and national TV audiences.
The athletes themselves are 10 and provided with scholarships. College coaches identify 11 teenagers and then go into high schools to 12 the country's best players to attend their universities. There are strict rules about 13 coaches can recruit-no recruiting calls after 9 p.m. , only one official visit to a campus-but they are often bent and sometimes 14 .Top college football programs 15 scholarships to20or 10players each year , and those student-athletes , when they arrive 16 campus , receive free housing, tuition, meals, books, etc.
In return, the players 17 the program in their sport. Football players at top colleges 18 two hours a day , four days a week from January to April. In summer , it' s back to strength and agility training four days a week until mid- August, when camp 19 and preparation for the opening of the September-to- December season begins 20 .During the season, practices last two or three hours a day from Tuesday to Friday. Saturday is game day. Mondays are an officially mandated day of rest.
1.[A] attribute [B] distribute [C] devote [D] attach
2.[A] out [B] by [C] in [D] back
3.[A] directly [B] indirectly [C] apart [D] indirect
4.[A] compete for [B] compete in [C] compete against [D] compete over
5.[A] draw [B] amuse [C] govern [D] handle
6.[A] spectator [B] spectacle [C] spectrum [D] spectacles
7.[A] save [B] saving [C] saved [D] to save
8.[A] flip on [B] flap at [C]fling away [D] flush out
9.[A] battle [B] to battle [C] battling [D] battled
10.[A] recruited [B] reconciled [C] rectified [D] reserved
11.[A] promising [B] pleasing [C] prominent [D] professional
12.[A] contrive [B] convince [C] convert [D] convict
13.[A] which [B] what [C] how [D] whether
14.[A] ignored [B] neglected [C] remembered [D] noticed
15.[A] offer [B] afford [C] award [D] reward
16.[A] in [B] on [C] at [D] around
17.[A] commit themselves to [B] commit themselves on
[C] commute themselves to [D] comply themselves to
18.[A] work in [B] work out [C] work over [D] work off
19.[A] recalls [B] enlists [C] convenes [D] collects
20.[A] in principle [B] in confidence [C] in name [D] in earnest
大纲样题
41.B 42.F 43.E 44.A 45.C
全真模拟试题
Passage 1: 41.D 42.G 43.A 44.E 45.B
Passage 2: 41.B 42.G 43.D 44.A 45.C
Passage 3: 41.C 42.B 43.F 44.E 45.A
Passage 4: 41.E 42.D 43.B 44.F 45.A
Passage 5: 41.B 42.F 43.A 44.C 45.D
Passage 6: 41.C 42.E 43.F 44.A 45.D
Passage 7: 41.D 42.E 43.A 44.B 45.C
Passage 8: 41.C 42.B 43.D 44.A 45.E
Passage 9: 41.C 42.B 43.E 44.A 45.D
Passage 10: 41.C 42.F 43.A 44.B 45.D